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Abstract
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A novel enzymeless glucose sensor based on nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles electrodeposited on reduced graphene oxide–copper oxide
nanocomposite bulk modified carbon ceramic electrode (rGO–CuO/CCE) was reported. The prepared NiO/rGO–CuO/CCE was
characterised by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, atomic-force microscopy, electrochemical
impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Electrocatalytic performance of the NiO/rGO–CuO/CCE was
investigated in details for the electro-oxidation of glucose using cyclic voltammetry and amperometry techniques. The developed sensor
responds efficiently to glucose over the concentration range 5–920 μM with the detection limit 2.63 μM and sensitivity 5980 μA mM−1 cm−2.
According to EIS studies, ternary presence of rGO, CuO and NiO nanoparticles increased the electron transfer performance and sensitivity
of NiO/rGO–CuO/CCE to glucose. The prepared sensor was applied for the determination of glucose in human serum samples with
satisfactory results. Owing to renewable and polishable surface, high sensitivity, reproducible responses and long-term stability, the
developed sensor could be used in clinical applications.
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