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Abstract
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Networked microgrids (NMGs) are beneficial and economical for both microgrids’ owners and consumers
as this structure could potentially play a significant role in energy efficiency, power system reliability and
sustainability. Renewable energy sources (RESs) and sharp fluctuations in load consumption impose new
challenges in solving operational problems in smart distribution grids. As a result, deterministic methods
are not able to provide a precise analysis of microgrids operation and planning. Therefore, stochastic algorithms
are used as powerful tools in ensuring reliable solutions especially in operation problems. In this
paper, daily optimal scheduling problem of NMGs considering intermittent behavior in generation and
load is investigated in a proposed energy management system (EMS). Two demand response programs
(DRPs) based on time of use (TOU) and real time pricing (RTP) are integrated into the optimal scheduling
model and the developed model is solved using a metaheuristic algorithm under uncertainties of RESs
and loads. The numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed model through comparison
with solution from stochastic optimization.
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