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Keywords
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Azo dyes, heterogeneous catalyst, nanocatalyst, nitrosonium source, phenylazo derivatives, star-like ionic polymer
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Abstract
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Background: The compounds with three-dimensional and ionic structures have attracted
considerable attentions because of their unique characteristics as a drug carrier and catalyst. Star-like
poly ionic compounds are a new generation of three-dimensional structures which have both; the exclusive
ionic features and three-dimensional structures. Recently, we reported the synthesis of diazonium
salts from aniline derivatives using carboxyl and nitrite functionalized graphene quantum dots.
Methods: Nitrite-functionalized star-like polyionic (NFSP) compound was synthesized as a new generation
of three-dimensional nanocatalyst. Herein, the use of NFSP as an efficient reagent and nanocatalyst
for the diazotization of aniline derivatives and subsequent synthesis of azo dyes via the reaction
with active phenolates under solvent-free conditions was reported.
Results: In order to demonstrate the positive impact of NFSP efficiency, the reaction times and yields
of the products were compared with other methods and catalysts which have been reported previously.
The brilliant performance of NFSP can be ascribed to multifunctional reagent and also trapping the ingredient
within catalyst cavities.
Conclusion: A highly effective and cost-effective method has been developed for the preparation of
azo dyes. In reported method, new three-dimensional catalyst with highly ionic characteristic and multifunctional
nitrosonium source is available. These special features reduced the required amount of
catalyst, reaction time and also increased the efficiency of catalyst.
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