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Abstract
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Reduced graphene oxide nanosheets modified by conductive polymers including polythiophene (GPTh), polyaniline
(GPANI) and polypyrrole (GPPy) were prepared using the graphene oxide as both substrate and chemical oxidant.
UV–visible and Raman analyses confirmed that the graphene oxide simultaneously produced the reduced graphene
oxide and polymerized the conjugated polymers. The prepared nanostructures were subsequently electrospun in mixing
with poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) and poly[bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)
benzodithiophene-bis(decyltetradecylthien)naphthobisthiadiazole] (PBDT-TIPS-DTNT-DT)/PC71BM components and embedded in the active layers of photovoltaic devices to improve the charge mobility and efficiency. The GPTh/PBDT-TIPS-DTNTDT/PC71BM devices demonstrated better photovoltaic features (Jsc = 11.72 mA cm−2, FF = 61%, Voc = 0.68 V, PCE = 4.86%, �h
= 8.7 × 10−3 cm2 V–1 s−1 and �e = 1.3 × 10−2 cm2 V–1 s−1) than the GPPy/PBDT-TIPS-DTNT-DT/PC71BM (Jsc = 10.30 mA cm−2,
FF = 60%, Voc = 0.66 V, PCE = 4.08%, �h = 1.4 × 10−3 cm2 V–1 s−1 and �e = 8.9 × 10−3 cm2 V–1 s−1) and GPANI/PBDT-TIPSDTNT-DT/PC71BM (Jsc = 10.48 mA cm−2, FF = 59%, Voc = 0.65 V, PCE = 4.02%, �h = 8.6 × 10−4 cm2 V–1 s−1 and �e = 7.8 × 10−3
cm2 V–1 s−1) systems, assigned to the greater compatibility of PTh in the nano-hybrids and the thiophenic conjugated polymers
in the bulk of the nanofibers and active thin films. Furthermore, the PBDT-TIPS-DTNT-DT polymer chains (3.35%–5.04%) acted
better than the P3HT chains (2.01%–3.76%) because of more complicated conductive structures.
© 2019 Society of Chemical Industry
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