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Abstract
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Scrophularia atropatana (S. atropatana), an Iranian plant belonging to the family of
Scrophulariaceae, was assigned for its chemical compositions and biological activities of
essential oil (EO) and extracts of the aerial parts of the plant during the flowering stage.
Combination of GC-MS and GC-FID was assessed for analyzing the chemical compositions
of the EO from the aerial parts of S. atropatana. Furthermore, Brine shrimp lethality test
and DPPH assay were performed to evaluate general toxicity and free-radical-scavenging
properties, respectively. Furthermore, anti-proliferative and antimicrobial activities were
assessed by MTT assay and disc diffusion methods correspondingly. Additionally, all the
potent samples (extracts) and its fractions in the MTT assay were further studied for the
presence of various compounds by GC-MS apparatus. MeOH extract and 40% sep-pak fraction
indicated high amounts of total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant
properties. In the case of general toxicity, among the extracts, dichloromethane (DCM) extract
showed noticeable effect. Furthermore, DCM extract was indicated potent ability to eliminate
breast tumor cells and minimum efficacy on normal cells. Anti-microbial activity of all samples
was ignorable. The potent extracts and fractions which had more anti-proliferative activity
were further elucidated by GC-MS and showed high amounts of Alkanes and fatty acids. In
the case of EO constituents, non-terpenoids were the major compounds. To sum up, it seems
BSLT could be a good preliminary approach for evaluating the cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cell line.
Additionally, antioxidant activity, TPC, and TFC contents of all samples were in consistent
with each other.
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