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Abstract
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The sociology of culture has many different subfields with the sociology of literature being one of the most important subfields of it. The sociology of literature focuses on all parts of literature such as writing the literary pieces, publishing, selling, producing, etc. In other words, this specific area contains many different concepts but here, in this thesis, the researcher wants to talk about the necessities in this issue. As a matter of fact, as Pierre Bourdieu said in his great book, The Rules of Art, which was published in 1996, “The Sociology of Literature is a specialized area of study which focuses on its attention upon the relationship between a literary work and the social structure in which is created” (Bourdieu 50). In this aspect, the relationship between literature and society becomes very important. We can see in lots of sociologists and novelists who believe in the interactivity between literature and society. The writer of this thesis is going to prove that two special dystopian novels namely, Brave New World written by Aldous Huxley and published in 1932 and Nineteen Eighty-Four written by George Orwell and published in 1949 reveal interactivity between literature and society. It will be shown how in this interactivity dystopia in our era becomes a reality. The writer of this thesis wants to argue about the concept of dystopian reality in the light of the theories of George Lukacs and The Frankfurt School. For instance, Frankfurt School theoreticians learned from Lukacs and prove that in their great book Critical Sociology which was published in 1938, both society and writers influence each other, which produces literary work. They believe that writers should completely figure their society out and when they publish literary works as an art, that special work should make a discussion to its time. That is why in this research we concentrate on the concept of dystopian reality which comes from two different sides of it, Utopia and Dystopia. This
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