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Abstract
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The decision-making process for the optimal bidding strategy of microgrids (MGs), which suffer from the surplus
power due to the high penetration of the intermittent resources, is not without challenge. To deal with this
problem, this paper proposes a new approach for determining the optimal bidding strategies for the MG modified
by the renewable resources in the day-ahead energy and spinning reserve markets using the capacities of the
power to hydrogen (P2H) and hydrogen storage (HS) technologies. To fulfill this aim, the unscented transformation
has been used to model the uncertainties related to renewable resources, load consumption and electricity
price in the entity in an efficient way. The findings reveal that the cost of operating the system without
energy storage is 779$ while by using an energy storage system (ESS) it is reduced to 741$ which shows a 4%
reduction in the costs. Also, by using ESS as both energy and reserve suppliers, the cost of operating becomes
640$ indicating an 18% reduction. However, using HS system reduces the operational cost as much as 26% and
40% for energy supplier and both energy and reserve suppliers, leading to 577$ and 487$, respectively.
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