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Abstract
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Supramolecular structures were developed by the graphene and carbon quantum dots (GQD and CQD) and poly[benzodithiophene-bis(decyltetradecylthien) naphthothiadiazole] (PBT-DNT) short/long chains. The pre-developed
quantum dot (QD)/conjugated polymer-based supramolecules were used as
promoting agents of efficacy and stability in the PBT-DNT:[6,6]-phenyl C71
butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) photovoltaics. Air aging experiments were
carried out in 38% humidity at 36C within the time periods of 0 to 90 days
with 1 month intervals. The CQD and GQD nanoparticles and their associated
structures by PBT-DNT long backbone did not conspicuously alter the performance and stability of PBT-DNT:PC71BM systems. Within 3 months aging,
the power conversion efficiencies fell down from 3.81% to 0.18% for CQD/PBTDNT long chain and from 4.33% to 0.17% for GQD/PBT-DNT long chain-based
systems. In contrast, the patterned GQD/PBT-DNT short chain and CQD/PBTDNT short chain supramolecules properly played their roles and reflected the
best non-aged (5.57% (342 Ω cm2) and 4.59% (486 Ω cm2)) and 90-day aged
(2.01% (764 Ω cm2) and 1.00% (835 Ω cm2)) photovoltaics. Shorter backbones
had a better chance to be arranged onto the QD nanoparticles. The GQD-based
nano-hybrids acted better than the CQD-based ones. It could be assigned to
the flat and disc-like structure of GQDs, which facilitated assembling of the
conjugated chains via π stacking.
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