Research Specifications

Hospitals are considered an important factor in spread of ARB and ARGs. Purpose of this research was to characterize the microbial populations in hospital wastewater and investigated the prevalence of β-lactamase, SulІ and QnrS resistant genes. In the first step, culture method was used for isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. In the next step, accurate identification of isolated bacteria was done with PCR method, then the resistance of the bacteria at different concentrations of antibiotics (8–128 μg/mL) was examined. Eventually the ARGs were detected using PCR method. The average of HPC and ARB concentration in wastewater samples was 1.8 × 108 and 4.3 × 106 CFU/100 mL. The highest resistance rates was found for Sulfamethoxazole and the highest resistance rates in the β-lactamase group was for ceftazidime while highest sensitivity was for gentamicin and there was no isolate that was sensitive to studied antibiotics. SulІ and QnrS were the highest and lowest abundance of all ARGs in samples respectively and blaSHV was highest β-lactam resistant gene. Our results indicated an increase in the resistance of identified bacteria to several antibiotics. So it can be concluded that numerous antibiotic-resistant pathogens and vast ARGs exist in the human body that their release from hospitals without effective treatment, cause many dangers to the environment and human health.