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Abstract
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Distributed generators (DGs) facilitate minimizing a monetary objective for controlling overload or lowvoltage
obstacles. In conjunction with controlling such complications, a DG unit can be allocated for maximum
reliability or efficiency. This study presents a new method based on a new index for locating and sizing DGs in
electricity distribution systems. Stable node voltages which are known as power stability index (PSI) are considered in
developing the index. An analytical method is applied in visualizing the effect of DG on losses, voltage profile, and
voltage stability of the system. In this study, a new approach using co-evolutionary multi-swarm particle swarm
optimization (CMPSO) algorithm is purposed for locating DGs in radial electrical distribution systems considering the
uncertainty of solar power as well as load and wind power. In this paper, the optimal locations and sizes of DG units
are calculated by considering the active power loss, reliability index, and PSI as objective functions. The presented
algorithm is tested on 33-bus and 274-bus real distribution networks. The results of the simulation show the
effectiveness of the proposed method.
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