Research Specifications

A novel electrochemical sensor based on the Cu-Al layered double hydroxide (Cu-Al LDH) composited by chicken feet yellow membrane (CFYM) on graphenized pencil graphite electrode (GPGE) was designed. The present modified electrode provided a simple voltammetric method for sensitive detection of diclofenac (DCF) for the first time. In the first stage, a one-step potentiostatic method was utilized to in-situ synthesis of graphene oxide directly on the PGE surface in H2SO4 solution at optimized conditions. Then certain values of Cu-Al LDH that was synthesized via a co-precipitation method, and chicken feet yellow membrane (CFYM) dispersion in dimethylformamide (DMF) was homogenized by sonication for 60 min. Finally, 10 µL of resulting dispersion was casted on the surface of GPGE. The structure and morphology of the surface the modified electrode were characterized by SEM, XRD, and EDX techniques. Compared with the unmodified pencil graphite electrode, the Cu-Al LDH/CFYM/GPGE modified electrode showed an enhanced electrochemical response toward DCF oxidation using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetric (DPV) techniques. The effect of parameters such as the scan rate and pH value on the peak current was studied. Under the optimized conditions, the Cu-Al LDH/CFYM/GPGE showed a linear current response for the oxidation of DCF in the range of 1.99–23.44 μM. The sensitivity, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the proposed sensor for detection of the DCF were calculated to be 6.02 µA µM−1, 1.91 µM, and 6.39 µM, respectively. Moreover, the modified electrode was successfully examined for the detection of DCF in real samples.