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Abstract
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Twenty-two Colletotrichum strains were isolated from anthracnose symptoms or leaf spots on
leaves of various wild Poaceae and Cyperaceae plants collected in three provinces of Iran and
tentatively identified as belonging to the Graminicola species complex based on morphology. All
strains were studied via a polyphasic approach combining colony characteristics, morphology and
phylogeny inferred from multi-locus sequences, including the nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), partial
sequences of the β-tubulin (tub2), actin (act), manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (sod2), DNA lyase
2 (apn2) genes, a 200-bp intron of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), and
the intergenic spacer between the apn2 gene and the mat1 idiomorph (apn2/mat1). Six species
were distinguished, including three new species, namely C. caspicum, C. persicum, and C. sacchari,
and three previously described species, C. cereale, C. nicholsonii and C. sublineola. Comprehensive
morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided for all species. Furthermore, this study
provided new insights into the distribution and host range of known species.
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