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Abstract
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stances
and herbal components with antibacterial effects. Curcumin, the major substance of Curcuma longa’s rhizome, was
used as an antibacterial agent since ancient times. This work aimed to formulate a novel nanocomposite for the delivery of
curcumin to overcome orthodox drugs resistance against bacteria and improve its efficacy. To fabricate targeting nanocomposites,
first, Fe3O4
nanoparticles were synthesized followed by coating the obtained nanoparticles using sodium alginate
containing curcumin. A 2 by 3 factorial design was tailored to predict the optimum formulation of nanocomposites. Characterization
of nanocomposites including particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and
drug loading was performed. The optimum formulation was analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning
electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and in vitro release study at different pHs.
Finally, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of samples against seven
common bacteria were determined. Results showed that the optimized formulation contained 400 nm particles with the PDI
and zeta potentials of 0.4 and − 58 mV, respectively. The optimized formulation with 70% entrapment efficiency reduced
the MIC value 2 to 4 times in comparison with pure curcumin. Results also showed that polymer and drug concentrations
can significantly affect entrapment efficiency. In conclusion, the current investigation demonstrated that this magnetic nanocomposite
can be applied for the delivery of curcumin.
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