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Abstract
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Materials with spinel structure of MFe2O4 where M is a divalent metal ion such as manganese (Mn2+), nickel (Ni2+), cobalt (Co2+), zinc (Zn2+), copper (Cu2+) or magnesium (Mg2+) etc. are intensively investigated because of their vast applications, mainly due to magnetic properties. Among them, nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) is very interesting because of its chemical and physical properties. NiFe2O4 has desirable properties such as high thermal stability, high mechanical resistance, low surface acidity, low temperature sinterability, and better diffusion. However, the practically achievable grain size and porosity of the nanostructures limits the surface area of the metal oxides and therefore the contact area with the dye limiting the adsorption efficiency. To increase the surface area and therefore improve the adsorption characteristics, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been integrated into transition metal oxide nanostructures. The resulting hybrid nanostructures exhibit high adsorption capacity due to their enhanced surface area and can be easily tailored. To further improve the adsorption capacity, surface modification can be performed. In recent years deep eutectic solvents (DES) have been proposed for this purpose. DESs are a new generation of solvents which are formed by complexing a hydrogen bond donor with a quaternary ammonium salt. In this study, a new DESs composed of tetrabutylammonium bromide and oleic acid was prepared and it was used to to functionalize the MWCNT/cobalt doped NiFe2O4 hybrid nanostructures. The prepared materials were characterized using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, nuclear-magnetic resonance spectroscopy and scanaing electron microscopy. The prepared CNT/NiFe2O4 and DES-functionalized MWCNT/NiFe2O4 were used as adsorbents for morphine (Mo) from urine smaple. The prepared nanoparticles were succsefuuly used for extraction of Mo from urine samples of patients who were suspicious to consumption of MP.
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