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Abstract
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This study aims to extend color shade range of Rubia tinctorum L. (Dyer’s
madder) natural dye on wool textiles via binary combination of Al, Sn, Cr, Fe,
Cu, Ni, Co, Zn mordants. Wool yarns were premordanted, dyed with 75.0%
owf madder dye, and characterized for their color strength, colorimetric
parameters, and color fastness. Nature of single and binary metal cations
substantially affected color shades, color strength, and fastness properties
due to different interactions of dye, metal mordants, and wool polymer
chains. This resulted in the development of novel color shades having
different lightness, enhanced color strength, and color fastness properties.
Combination of mordants had a synergistic effect on dye uptake which
enhanced color strength values. Moreover, with the aid of binary metal
mordants, colors of some legally restricted mordants like chromium can be
reproduced which is important from ecological viewpoint. Binary mordanted
samples exhibited superior color fastness. Results represent that this viable
method can extend the color gamut of madder natural dye on wool with
satisfactory color fastness and lessen the hazards associated with the use of
some toxic metal mordants.
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