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Abstract
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Electrical-current-assisted friction stir welding (EA-FSW) is a procedure developed for the
joining of similar and dissimilar materials. EA-FSW is a newly invented solid-state process to increase
welded components' efficacy in various applications, such as marine structures. EA-FSW
joints have investigated the dissimilar joints on aluminum–magnesium, aluminum–steel, and polymer-
to-steel. Similar joints have been performed on aluminum, magnesium, and steel. The main
parameters that affect the temperature of the nugget in EA-FSW are electrical current and tool rotational
velocity. This review paper presents the fundamental principle of EA-FSW, its processes
mechanism, and various types of tools, and discusses the different joints that EA-FSW welded. The
effect of electrical current on the quality of similar and dissimilar joints is discussed. The simulation
process and detailed modeling of the EA-FSW process are discussed in the last section.
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