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Abstract
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In this research work, a copper-based printed circuit board (Cu-PCB) was used as an electrode substrate. Alloyed
copper-nickel oxides were synthesized on the surface of the Cu-PCB electrode by the two stages: In the first step,
the electrodeposition of copper-nickel alloy on the surface of the Cu-PCB electrode was carried out by cyclic
chronopotentiometric method (8 cycles) at the optimized conditions. In the second step, the Ni/Cu-PCB electrode
was immersed in 1 M NaOH electrolyte solution, followed by the electrochemical synthesis of the alloyed coppernickel
oxides by repetitive cyclic voltammetry (40 cycles) and subsequently, the NiO/CuO-PCB electrode was
obtained. The surface structure and morphology of NiO/CuO-PCB and Cu-PCB electrodes were comparatively
investigated by SEM, EDX, and XRD techniques. Moreover, the electrochemical behavior and electrocatalytic
properties of NiO/CuO-PCB electrode have been effectively investigated. To study the electrocatalytic efficiency
of the NiO/CuO-PCB electrode, the measurement of glucose as a biological target was studied by cyclic voltammetry
(CV) and amperometry approaches as well. The limit of glucose detection (LOD) and sensitivity of the
proposed method in glucose assay were calculated as 5.4 and 1.1 μM, and 118.14 and, 112.08 mA/M by CV and
amperometry approaches, respectively. Two-segment calibration graphs were found over the range 1.4–120 mM
by CV, and 0.14–180 mM by hydrodynamic amperometry techniques. The fabricated sensor was successfully
used to measure glucose in blood serum and human plasma samples.
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