مشخصات پژوهش

Wheat allergy is one of the most common food allergies in pediatric populations and represents a significant clinical and public health concern worldwide. It is an immunologically mediated adverse reaction to wheat proteins, primarily involving immunoglobulin E (IgE)–dependent mechanisms, although non-IgE–mediated pathways have also been reported. It results from an adverse immune reaction to various wheat proteins, including gliadins, glutenins, albumin-globulin fractions, and lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), which initiate immune activation leading to a wide clinical spectrum ranging from mild urticaria and gastrointestinal disturbances to life-threatening anaphylaxis [1]. It’s a significant health concern among pediatric patients, characterized by an abnormal immune response to proteins found in wheat [2]. In many clinical settings, particularly in developing and resource-limited regions, wheat allergy remains underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed due to the absence of standardized risk assessment models that integrate both clinical history and immunological biomarkers. The insufficient understanding of how specific clinical features correlate with immune responses further limits clinicians’ ability to predict disease severity and progression. Consequently, there is a critical need for well-designed studies that systematically investigate the combined role of clinical and immunological risk factors in the development of wheat allergy among pediatric patients. Addressing this gap will contribute to more accurate diagnosis, improved risk stratification, and the development of targeted prevention and management strategies tailored to vulnerable pediatric populations. The rising incidence of wheat allergy among pediatric populations, coupled with its potential for severe and life-threatening reactions, highlights the urgent need for comprehensive research in this field. Wheat represents a fundamental component of children’s diets worldwide, and unnecessary dietary avoidance