مشخصات پژوهش

Space operates as the silent architect of human experience, shaping not only how we move through the world but also our social relationships and consciousness. The organization of space actively produces the social realities we often mistake for natural or inevitable, determining who belongs and who is excluded, who is visible and who remains invisible. Ellison’s Invisible Man demonstrates how literature can illuminate the complex relationship between physical and social space, as well as the struggles for freedom and recognition embedded within them. Drawing on spatial theory, this research offers richly detailed accounts of how spatial domination and resistance function within everyday life and cultural practice. It examines how space is socially produced and used as a primary tool to assert and reinforce authority, as dominant groups design environments that subtly encode and sustain existing hierarchies. The study’s engagement with counterspace is equally important, revealing how zones of resistance and sanctuary emerge to challenge established orders. Finally, understanding the underground hideout as a thirdspace opens possibilities for new forms of social relations and identities that transcend the limits of colonial spatial logic.