|
Abstract
|
Achillea tenuifolia Lam., a medicinal Asteraceae species widespread in Iran, particularly
mountainous northwest regions, is rich in bioactive compounds including tannins, flavonoids,
and aromatic essential oils. This review assesses its biotechnological prospects, beginning with
current knowledge gaps in species-specific tissue culture and micropropagation and drawing
on successful in vitro protocols from related Achillea taxa. It examines strategies for producing
pharmaceutically valuable secondary metabolites via plant cell, callus, suspension, and organspecific cultures, and discusses the roles of hormonal regimes, elicitors, and genetic approaches
to enhance yields. Recent advances in nanobiotechnology are highlighted, notably green
synthesis of silver nanoparticles using A. tenuifolia extracts for efficient removal of industrial
dyes. Research suggests A. tenuifolia stands out from other Achillea species—especially
because of its high carvacrol content. To capitalize on this, the review calls for practical steps:
establish reliable tissue-culture methods, build production processes that keep compound
quality consistent, and encourage interdisciplinary teams so the plant’s benefits can reach
clinics and cleanup projects.
|