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Keywords
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climate-resilient cultivation, controlled environment agriculture (CEA), integrated
fertilization approach, medicinal plants, secondary metabolites, sustainable cultivation
practices
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Abstract
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Medicinal plants are a vital source of bioactive secondary metabolites, including terpenoids, alkaloids, phenylpropanoids, and saponins, which have pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and therapeutic applications. However, as climate change, resource scarcity and unsustainable harvesting practices accelerate habitat destruction, the cultivation of medicinal plants must transition from traditional methods to more resilient, resource-efficient and technologically advanced production systems. The phytochemical profiles of cultivated medicinal plants are strongly influenced by factors such as growing systems, fertilization regimes, irrigation management, light conditions, and biostimulant applications..
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