مشخصات پژوهش

Wastewater from the textile industry consists of a variety of complex chemicals, including dyes, detergents, greases, oils, sulfates, solvents, heavy metals, and other inorganic salts, depending on the process regime. Textile wastewater treatment is very challenging due to high temperature, high pH, high oxygen demand and low biodegradation. In addition, it also contains high concentrations of inorganic salts and azo dyes that pose serious risks to human health and the environment [1] . Ultrafiltration (UF), a pressure-based process, has been well developed and used in various industrial applications. UF is often used as pretreatment before reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) [2] . Despite excellent maintenance performance, there are still problems that limit its widespread use, the biggest known problem being membrane clogging. Membrane clogging may affect the performance of the filtration process, leading to reduced performance and increased energy consumption, which remains a major challenge in filtration processes [3] . In the present study, an attempt was made to improve the performance of ultrafiltration membranes by adding nitrogen-rich graphite carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 5 ). g-C 3 N 5 was synthesized by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) and NH 4 Cl by thermal modification. Ultrafiltration membranes with different concentrations of g-C 3 N 5 (0-1 wt.%) were fabricated by phase inversion method. Distilled water and protein filtrations were performed to evaluate the performance of the ultrafiltration membranes with different concentrations of additive. According to the results, it was found that the water flux and protein flux of the membranes increased with the addition of g-C 3 N 5 indicating lower fouling of these membranes. The prepared membranes were characterized by contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).