مشخصات پژوهش

The rising prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) globally has emerged as a significant public health challenge, necessitating urgent research and intervention strategies. According to the International Diabetes Federation, the number of individuals living with diabetes is projected to reach 700 million by 2045, with T2DM accounting for the majority of these cases. This alarming trend underscores the critical need for a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms contributing to the disease, particularly the role of oxidative stress and its relationship with metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress is increasingly recognized as a pivotal factor in the pathophysiology of T2DM. The imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidant defenses can lead to cellular damage, inflammation, and insulin resistance, all of which are hallmarks of diabetes. Furthermore, oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of various complications associated with T2DM, including cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Therefore, investigating the markers of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), alongside glycemic control indicators like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG), is essential for elucidating the complex interplay between oxidative damage and diabetes progression. The association between T2DM and metabolic syndrome further complicates the clinical landscape. Metabolic syndrome, characterized by a cluster of risk factors including obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, not only increases the risk of developing T2DM but also exacerbates oxidative stress. Understanding how these two conditions interact is crucial for identifying high-risk populations and developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies. By exploring the relationship between oxidative stress, metabolic syndrome, and T2DM, this research aims to provide insights that could lead to improved clinical outcomes and better