مشخصات پژوهش

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has emerged as one of the leading health challenges worldwide, particularly in developing countries, where lifestyle changes, rapid urbanization, and dietary habits have contributed significantly to its rise [1]. In Iraq, the prevalence of T2DM has increased sharply in recent years, placing substantial burdens on healthcare resources and affecting the quality of life of millions [2]. Managing T2DM involves not only pharmacological intervention but also a proactive approach that includes a healthy lifestyle, such as balanced nutrition, physical activity, and stress management [3]. Studies have shown that lifestyle modifications can improve glycemic control and reduce the risk of complications, particularly when combined with medical management [4, 5].