مشخصات پژوهش

Environmental pollution is a critical challenge [1]. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds generated by incomplete combustion of organic materials. Removing persistent organic pollutants like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is essential for ecological health and safety [2,3]. Sample preparation methods are the most important steps for analysis compounds, especially in complex samples. Among the conventional sample preparation methods, solid phase microextraction (SPME) can be called green method because this method without toxic solvents, simple, cheap and compared to conventional methods of sample preparation [4]. Herein, a durable porous structure, a carbon-based material named carbon felt (CF), was functionalized and used for the first time as a novel SPME fiber. The separation and determination of the extracted analytes were performed using HPLC-UV. Characterization techniques such as FESEM, FT−IR, EDX, and N2 adsorption−desorption experiments were employed to analyze the fiber's morphology, structure, and elemental components. Parameters affecting the method including, desorption solvent type (acetonitrile), its volume (1.5 mL), extraction time (30 min), desorption time (10 min), and salting-out effect (0%) were optimized by using a one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach. Calibration curves in the range of 0.005−500 µg L−1 with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999 were obtained. Limit of quantifications in the range of 0.004-0.016 µg L−1 and limit of detections in the range of 0.0013- 0.015 µg L−1 were obtained. In addition, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) (n=5) were found in the range of 3.21-10.17% . Under the optimized conditions, pre-concentration factors in the range of 95-190 were obtained. Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) demonstrated our method's high environmental sustainability effectively. The method was applied for extraction and determination of the PAHs in soil, water, and rice samples and satisfacto