مشخصات پژوهش

Novel composites of covalent triazine polymer/melamine–formaldehyde microsphere (CTP/MF-x) were successfully synthesized via a simple one-pot solvothermal method. The resulted materials were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, zeta potential, and TGA analyses. SEM images showed that the MF microspheres were well-dispersed within the CTP matrix, forming CTP-coated core–shell structures that contained 60 wt% MF microspheres (CTP/MF-60). BET analysis indicated that the CTP composite containing 30 wt% MF microspheres (CTP/MF-30) exhibits enhanced surface area and pore volume (12.2 m2 g−1 and 0.056 cm3 g−1, respectively) compared to MF microspheres alone and possesses an intermediate pore size (11.6 nm) relative to the individual components. The CTP/MF-30 composite was used as an adsorbent to study the adsorption of model methylene blue (MB) and Congo red (CR) dyes. At pH 7.0 and 3.5, adsorbent dosages of 5 and 10 mg, along with contact times of 10 and 25 min, achieved a removal efciency of approximately 92% for CTP/MF-30 in MB and CR solutions (10 mg L−1), resulting in maximum adsorption capacities of 136.9 and 86.2 mg g−1, respectively. The enhanced adsorption efciency of the composites, compared to their individual components, indicates a synergistic efect. Adsorption processes were further examined through isotherm and kinetic studies, which demonstrated a better ft with the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order model, respectively. Moreover, CTP/MF-30 showed selectivity for the MB cationic dye in MB-CR mixed solution at neutral pH, which made it an attractive candidate for separating oppositely charged dyes.