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ABSTRACT This research explores the utopian and dystopian elements in Jonathan Swift’s Gulliver’s Travels and George Orwell’s Animal Farm through a comparative literary analysis. Both works critique societal structures and human nature, though they emerge from distinct historical and political contexts. Swift, writing during the Enlightenment, employs satire to challenge the era's ideals of reason and progress, while Orwell uses allegory to expose the corruption of revolutionary ideals in the 20th century. By examining themes of governance, societal hierarchies, and human fallibility, the study highlights shared concerns about power's corruptive influence and the fragility of idealism. The contrasting literary techniques of satire and allegory deepen their critique, illustrating how utopian aspirations often devolve into dystopian realities. This analysis underscores the enduring relevance of these masterpieces in understanding contemporary socio-political issues and the complexities of human aspirations. Keywords: Utopia, Dystopia, Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels, George Orwell, Animal Farm, Comparative Literature